碳纳米管中的一维Wigner晶体
The One-Dimensional Wigner Crystal in Carbon Nanotubes
摘要：
电子-电子相互作用强烈影响低维系统的行为。在一维（1D）中，任意的弱相互作用定性地改变了基态，产生了现在已经在许多实验系统中观察到的Luttinger液体（LL）。在低载流子密度下，相互作用甚至更重要，并且在长程库仑势是主导能量尺度的极限下，电子液体预计将成为称为维格纳晶体的周期性有序固体。在一维，维格纳晶体已被预测表现出新的自旋和磁性不存在于普通LL。然而，尽管最近在耦合量子线方面取得了进展，但由于无序的作用，这种状态的明确实验证明是不可能的。在这里，我们证明了使用低温单电子输运光谱，在低无序碳纳米管的带隙的空穴气是一个实现的一维维格纳晶体。我们的观测可以导致对空间分离的载流子系统的行为的前所未有的控制，并且可以用于实现具有长相干时间的固态量子计算。
英文摘要：
Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which has now been observed in a number of experimental systems. Interactions are even more important at low carrier density, and in the limit when the long-ranged Coulomb potential is the dominant energy scale, the electron liquid is expected to become a periodically ordered solid known as the Wigner crystal. In 1D, the Wigner crystal has been predicted to exhibit novel spin and magnetic properties not present in an ordinary LL. However, despite recent progress in coupled quantum wires, unambiguous experimental demonstration of this state has not been possible due to the role of disorder. Here, we demonstrate using low-temperature single-electron transport spectroscopy that a hole gas in low-disorder carbon nanotubes with a band gap is a realization of the 1D Wigner crystal. Our observation can lead to unprecedented control over the behavior of the spatially separated system of carriers, and could be used to realize solid state quantum computing with long coherence times.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
