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arXiv 0709.4236astro-ph
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M次矮星双星的HST搜索

HST search for M subdwarf binaries

Basmah Riaz, John E. Gizis, Debasmita Samaddar

摘要:

我们目前的HST/ACS观测19个附近的M次矮星在寻找双星系统。除了广泛的共同自行对LHS 2140/2139,我们没有发现sdM和esdM目标是二进制的。我们的调查是敏感的等光度的同伴在接近(2-8 AU)的分离,而亚恒星的secondaries可以检测到在6-30 AU的范围内的分离。为了检查宽的双星,我们比较了POSS I和II图像在10'x10'的视场中,但无法检测到任何目标的单个共同运动的恒星。将我们的结果与Gizis & Reid的结果相结合,我们得到的二进制分数为3%(1/28)。在文献中报告的少数M亚矮星双星的检测表明比这里获得的更高的分数,可能与晕中更大质量的太阳型恒星(13-15%)相当。然而,与盘M矮星分数(25%)相比,多重性在最低质量晕星中是罕见的,这意味着这两个种群形成于不同的初始条件下。我们调查中的低二进制分数可以用选择偏差来解释。在质量低于0.1Msun的圆盘中观察到多重性的减少,这是圆盘质量函数(MF)的峰值。发现球状星团的MF在0.33 Msun左右达到峰值,低于峰值质量的单位质量恒星数量减少。我们的样本是由质量在~0.2和0.085 Msun之间的恒星组成的,这表明类似于盘的多重性减少可能也适用于晕星,但可能低于~ 0.3 Msun的质量。如果所选的原色的质量接近或高于MF中的峰值,则可以获得更高的M亚矮星联星分数。

英文摘要:

We present HST/ACS observations of 19 nearby M subdwarfs in a search for binary systems. Other than the wide common proper motion pair LHS 2140/2139, none of our sdM and esdM targets are found to be binaries. Our survey is sensitive to equal-luminosity companions at close (2-8 AU) separations, while sub-stellar secondaries could have been detected at separations in the range of 6-30 AU. To check for wide binaries, we have compared the POSS I and II images in a field of view as large as 10'x10', but could not detect a single co-moving star for any of the targets. Combining our results with those from Gizis & Reid, we have a binary fraction of 3% (1/28). Detection of a small number of M subdwarf binaries reported in the literature suggests a higher fraction than the one obtained here, probably comparable to that found for the more massive solar-type stars in the halo (13-15%). Comparison with the disk M dwarf fraction (25%) however suggests multiplicity to be rare among the lowest mass halo stars, implying the two populations formed under different initial conditions. The low binary fraction in our survey could be explained by selection biases. A decrease in multiplicity has been observed in the disk for masses below 0.1Msun, the peak in the disk mass function (MF). The globular cluster MF is found to peak at about 0.33Msun, with a decrease in the number of stars per unit mass below the peak mass. Our sample being composed of stars with masses between ~0.2 and 0.085 Msun suggests that a decrease in multiplicity similar to the disk may also be true for the halo stars, but perhaps below a mass of ~0.3Msun. A higher M subdwarf binary fraction may be obtained if the selected primaries have masses near or higher than the peak in the MF.

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