高动态范围成像中的散斑噪声抑制技术
Speckle noise reduction techniques for high-dynamic range imaging
摘要：
从可见光空间进行高动态范围成像，特别是为了探测地球系外行星，不仅需要使用日冕仪，而且需要使用自适应光学来实时校正光学缺陷。实际上，这些缺陷散射光并在图像平面中产生散斑。通过驱动变形镜测量和补偿波前像差可以消除散斑。在第一种方法中，目标散斑置零，通过从最亮的散斑开始迭代地消除散斑。第一种方法在实验室中已经证明对比度优于1e9。在第二种方法中，分区散斑归零，散斑的总能量在图像平面的给定区域中被最小化。第二种方法具有同时处理来自目标区域的所有散斑的优点，但它仍然需要更好的实验证明。
英文摘要：
High-dynamic range imaging from space in the visible, aiming in particular at the detection of terrestrial exoplanets, necessitates not only the use of a coronagraph, but also of adaptive optics to correct optical defects in real time. Indeed, these defects scatter light and give birth to speckles in the image plane. Speckles can be cancelled by driving a deformable mirror to measure and compensate wavefront aberrations. In a first approach, targeted speckle nulling, speckles are cancelled iteratively by starting with the brightest ones. This first method has demonstrated a contrast better than 1e9 in laboratory. In a second approach, zonal speckle nulling, the total energy of speckles is minimized in a given zone of the image plane. This second method has the advantage to tackle simultaneously all speckles from the targeted zone, but it still needs better experimental demonstration.
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