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arXiv 0709.3564astro-ph
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在高红移维里化的低质量晕中含富He星的银河系球状星团的形成

Formation of the Galactic globular clusters with He-rich stars in low-mass halos virialized at high redshift

K. Bekki, H. Yahagi, M. Nagashima, D. A. Forbes

摘要:

最近的观测报告表明,银河系球状星团(GCs)具有异常扩展的水平支(EHB)形态,与整个银河系GC系统相比,其速度色散明显较低。我们认为,所观察到的独特的运动学的GC与EHB的GC的形成时代的有价值的信息,并相应地讨论了这一观测结果的基础上的宇宙学N体模拟与GC的形成模型。我们假设星系中的GC最初形成于高红移的低质量晕中,并在$z=0$研究了GC在其宿主晕中的最终运动学。我们发现,在z>10维里化的晕中形成的GC显示出比在z>6时形成的GC在z=0时的晕平均更低的速度色散。因此,我们认为,所观察到的银河系GCs与EHB的低速色散的起源是密切相关的早期形成时代(z>10)的晕最初托管的GC在星系形成的过程中。考虑到EHB的起源可能是由于氦增强的第二代恒星在GC中的存在,我们讨论了长期存在的GC的第二参数问题的背景下,不同程度的化学污染的GC形成的气体云内的低质量晕维里化在不同的红移。

英文摘要:

Recent observations have reported that the Galactic globular clusters (GCs) with unusually extended horizontal-branch (EHB) morphologies show a significantly lower velocity dispersion compared with that of the entire Galactic GC system. We consider that the observed distinctive kinematics of GCs with EHB has valuable information on the formation epochs of GCs and accordingly discuss this observational result based on cosmological N-body simulations with a model of GC formation. We assume that GCs in galaxies were initially formed in low-mass halos at high redshifts and we investigate final kinematics of GCs in their host halos at $z=0$. We find that GCs formed in halos virialized at z>10 show lower velocity dispersions on average than those formed at z>6 for halos with GCs at z=0. We thus suggest that the origin of the observed lower velocity dispersion for the Galactic GCs with EHBs is closely associated with earlier formation epochs (z>10) of halos initially hosting the GCs in the course of the Galaxy formation. Considering that the origin of EHBs can be due to the presence of helium-enhanced second-generation stars in GCs, we discuss the longstanding second parameter problem of GCs in the context of different degrees of chemical pollution in GC-forming gas clouds within low-mass halos virialized at different redshifts.

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