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arXiv 0709.3098astro-ph
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维里黑洞质量的偏置:SDSS观点

Biases in Virial Black Hole Masses: An SDSS Perspective

Yue Shen, Jenny E. Greene, Michael A. Strauss, Gordon T. Richards, Donald P. Schneider

摘要:

我们使用基于\hbeta、\MgII和\CIV发射线的维里黑洞质量估计,在斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)第五次数据发布中包含的红移范围$0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 4.5$内,编制了$\sim 60,000$类星体的黑洞(BH)质量。我们发现:(1)在我们的样本中,三条谱线的宽度服从对数正态分布,其平均值和色散并不强烈地依赖于光度或红移;(2)由\MgII和\hbeta估算的BH质量是一致的;和(3)\CIV BH质量估计器可能比\MgII和\hbeta估计器更严重地受到盘风分量的影响,给出了与\CIV-\MgII蓝移相关的质量的正偏差。大多数SDSS类星体的位力BH质量在$10^8-10^9 M_\odot$范围内。在$z \gtrsim 2$处,活性BH的$\sim 10^{10} M_\odot$有一个明确的质量上限,在较低的红移处降低。通过合理地假设BH质量分布随质量的增加而减小,以及在BH质量不变的情况下,爱丁顿比分布具有非零的宽度,我们证明了测量的维里BH质量分布和爱丁顿比分布都存在Malmquist偏差.射电类星体子样本(含$1.5\lesssim z\lesssim 2.3$)的平均维里BH质量比整个样本大$\sim 0.12$ dex。宽吸收线(BAL)类星体子样本(具有$1.7\lesssim z\lesssim 2.2$)与非BAL样本具有相同的维里质量分布,没有平均偏移。(节录)

英文摘要:

We compile black hole (BH) masses for $\sim 60,000$ quasars in the redshift range $0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 4.5$ included in the Fifth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), using virial BH mass estimators based on the \hbeta, \MgII, and \CIV emission lines. We find that: (1) within our sample, the widths of the three lines follow log-normal distributions, with means and dispersions that do not depend strongly on luminosity or redshift;(2) the \MgII- and \hbeta-estimated BH masses are consistent with one another; and (3) the \CIV BH mass estimator may be more severely affected by a disk wind component than the \MgII and \hbeta estimators, giving a positive bias in mass correlated with the \CIV-\MgII blueshift. Most SDSS quasars have virial BH masses in the range $10^8-10^9 M_\odot$. There is a clear upper mass limit of $\sim 10^{10} M_\odot$ for active BHs at $z \gtrsim 2$, decreasing at lower redshifts. Making the reasonable assumptions that the underlying BH mass distribution decreases with mass and that the Eddington ratio distribution at fixed BH mass has non-zero width, we show that the measured virial BH mass distribution and Eddington ratio distribution are subject to Malmquist bias. A radio quasar subsample (with $1.5\lesssim z\lesssim 2.3$) has mean virial BH mass larger by $\sim 0.12$ dex than the whole sample. A broad absorption line (BAL) quasar subsample (with $1.7\lesssim z\lesssim 2.2$) has identical virial mass distribution as the nonBAL sample, with no mean offset. (Abridged)

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