涨落有限DNA链的热变性：弯曲刚度在气泡成核中的作用
Thermal denaturation of fluctuating finite DNA chains: the role of bending rigidity in bubble nucleation
摘要：
文献中的统计DNA模型通常是有效的模型，其中仅考虑碱基对状态（未断裂或断裂）。由于一系列断裂键或气泡的有效抗弯刚度与双链状态相比降低了30倍，因此需要在更一般的介观模型中包含分子构象自由度。在本文中，我们这样做，提出了一个一维伊辛模型，它描述了内部的碱基对状态，耦合到一个离散的蠕虫状链模型描述链配置[J. Palmeri，M. Manghi和N. Destainville，Phys. Rev. Lett. 99，088103（2007）]。这个耦合模型是完全解决使用传输矩阵技术，提出了一个类似的路径积分处理的量子双原子分子。当链波动被整合出来时，变性转变温度和宽度自然地出现为一个明确定义的哈密顿量的模型参数的显式函数，揭示了该转变是由气泡和双链段之间的弯曲（熵主导）自由能的差异驱动的。计算的熔解曲线（开放碱基对的分数）是在良好的协议与实验熔解曲线的polydA-polydT。预测的均方半径作为温度的函数的变化导致一个连贯的新的解释实验观察到的热粘度转变。最后，详细研究了DNA链长度的影响，强调了有限尺寸效应的重要性，即使是由几千个碱基对组成的DNA。
英文摘要：
Statistical DNA models available in the literature are often effective models where the base-pair state only (unbroken or broken) is considered. Because of a decrease by a factor of 30 of the effective bending rigidity of a sequence of broken bonds, or bubble, compared to the double stranded state, the inclusion of the molecular conformational degrees of freedom in a more general mesoscopic model is needed. In this paper we do so by presenting a 1D Ising model, which describes the internal base pair states, coupled to a discrete worm like chain model describing the chain configurations [J. Palmeri, M. Manghi, and N. Destainville, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 088103 (2007)]. This coupled model is exactly solved using a transfer matrix technique that presents an analogy with the path integral treatment of a quantum two-state diatomic molecule. When the chain fluctuations are integrated out, the denaturation transition temperature and width emerge naturally as an explicit function of the model parameters of a well defined Hamiltonian, revealing that the transition is driven by the difference in bending (entropy dominated) free energy between bubble and double-stranded segments. The calculated melting curve (fraction of open base pairs) is in good agreement with the experimental melting profile of polydA-polydT. The predicted variation of the mean-square-radius as a function of temperature leads to a coherent novel explanation for the experimentally observed thermal viscosity transition. Finally, the influence of the DNA strand length is studied in detail, underlining the importance of finite size effects, even for DNA made of several thousand base pairs.
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