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arXiv 0709.2353astro-ph
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半人马座欧米茄后主序星光谱图集:运动学、演化、富集和星际介质

A spectral atlas of post-main-sequence stars in omega Centauri: kinematics, evolution, enrichment and interstellar medium

Jacco Th. van Loon, Floor van Leeuwen, Barry Smalley, Andrew W. Smith, Nicola A. Lyons, Iain McDonald, Martha L. Boyer

摘要:

我们提出了一个光谱图集后的主要序列人口的最大的银河系球状星团,半人马座欧米茄。从van Leeuwen et al.(2000)的自行星团候选成员的(B,B-V)色星等图中尽可能均匀地选取了1500多颗恒星,获得了它们的光谱。这些光谱是用英澳望远镜的2dF多光纤摄谱仪获得的,覆盖的范围约为λ ~3840-4940埃。通过对ATLAS 9恒星大气模型的拟合,我们测量了恒星的径向速度、有效温度、金属丰度和表面重力。我们分析了星系团成员和恒星运动学,3933埃Ca II K线的星际吸收,RR Lyrant不稳定带和极端水平分支,红巨星的金属丰度分布和双峰CN丰度分布,氮和s-过程富集,碳星,渐近巨星分支(AGB)上的脉动诱导Balmer线发射,以及后AGB和紫外亮恒星的性质。绝大多数恒星的成员身份都得到了确认,径向速度清楚地显示了星团核心的旋转。我们确定了长周期RR天琴座型变量与低重力,低振幅的变量与温暖的RR天琴座恒星相吻合。最冷的红巨星中的钡增强表明,第三次挖掘在欧米茄Cen的AGB星中运作。这与更大质量的AGB星的预富集不同,这也在我们的数据中看到。AGB、后AGB和紫外亮星的性质表明,在金属丰度非常低的情况下,RGB质量损失可能效率较低,[Fe/H]<<-1,增加了AGB质量损失的重要性。目录和光谱通过CDS提供。

英文摘要:

We present a spectral atlas of the post-main-sequence population of the most massive Galactic globular cluster, omega Centauri. Spectra were obtained of more than 1500 stars selected as uniformly as possible from across the (B, B-V) colour-magnitude diagram of the proper motion cluster member candidates of van Leeuwen et al. (2000). The spectra were obtained with the 2dF multi-fibre spectrograph at the Anglo Australian Telescope, and cover the approximate range lambda~3840-4940 Angstroem. We measure the radial velocities, effective temperatures, metallicities and surface gravities by fitting ATLAS9 stellar atmosphere models. We analyse the cluster membership and stellar kinematics, interstellar absorption in the Ca II K line at 3933 Angstroem, the RR Lyrae instability strip and the extreme horizontal branch, the metallicity spread and bimodal CN abundance distribution of red giants, nitrogen and s-process enrichment, carbon stars, pulsation-induced Balmer line emission on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), and the nature of the post-AGB and UV-bright stars. Membership is confirmed for the vast majority of stars, and the radial velocities clearly show the rotation of the cluster core. We identify long-period RR Lyrae-type variables with low gravity, and low-amplitude variables coinciding with warm RR Lyrae stars. A barium enhancement in the coolest red giants indicates that 3rd dredge-up operates in AGB stars in omega Cen. This is distinguished from the pre-enrichment by more massive AGB stars, which is also seen in our data. The properties of the AGB, post-AGB and UV-bright stars suggest that RGB mass loss may be less efficient at very low metallicity, [Fe/H]<<-1, increasing the importance of mass loss on the AGB. The catalogue and spectra are made available via CDS.

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