原核生物遗传转移单位
Units of genetic transfer in prokaryotes
摘要：
遗传物质的跨物种转移（横向遗传转移，LGT）有助于原核生物的基因组和生理创新。原核生物中LGT的程度已经在许多研究中进行了检查，但尚未以严格的方式研究转移单位。使用严格的系统发育方法，我们分析了从144个完全测序的原核生物基因组中获得的单拷贝基因家族内的LGT单位。在这些基因家族中，共有30.3%显示出LGT的证据。我们发现基因片段的转移比整个基因的转移更频繁，这表明LGT的程度被低估了。我们发现基因内（片段）和全基因（非片段）遗传转移之间的功能偏差很小，但非片段转移到病原体比非病原体更频繁。由于包含可能旁系同源的基因家族被排除在本研究之外，我们的结果可能仍然低估了LGT的程度;尽管如此，这是迄今为止对原核生物基因组中LGT单位的最全面的研究。
英文摘要：
The transfer of genetic materials across species (lateral genetic transfer, LGT) contributes to genomic and physiological innovation in prokaryotes. The extent of LGT in prokaryotes has been examined in a number of studies, but the unit of transfer has not been studied in a rigorous manner. Using a rigorous phylogenetic approach, we analysed the units of LGT within families of single-copy genes obtained from 144 fully sequenced prokaryote genomes. A total of 30.3% of these gene families show evidence of LGT. We found that the transfer of gene fragments has been more frequent than the transfer of entire genes, suggesting the extent of LGT has been underestimated. We found little functional bias between within-gene (fragmentary) and whole-gene (non-fragmentary) genetic transfer, but non-fragmentary transfer has been more frequent into pathogens than into non-pathogens. As gene families that contain probable paralogs were excluded from the current study, our results may still underestimate the extent of LGT; nonetheless this is the most-comprehensive study to date of the unit of LGT among prokaryote genomes.
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