相对论性剪切喷流中UHECR的感应加速
Inductive acceleration of UHECRs in sheared relativistic jets
摘要：
携带大尺度磁场的相对论外流具有大的感应势，可以将质子加速到超高能量。本文讨论了一种新的超高能宇宙线（UHECR）加速方案，它是由强活动星系（喷流光度为$\geq 10^{46}$ erg s $^{-1}$）的磁化、圆柱准直、剪切喷流中的漂移引起的。如果${\bf B} \cdot \nabla \times {\bf v}< 0$是正电荷，则由这样的等离子体携带的正电荷粒子处于不稳定的平衡，因此沿着速度切变的动力学漂移将导致快速的、规则的能量增益。在我们的模型中，最高刚性的粒子被最有效地加速，这意味着轻核在脚踝以上的能量中占据主导地位：从预加速粒子的混合种群中，漂移机制优先拾取和提升质子。
英文摘要：
Relativistic outflows carrying large scale magnetic fields have large inductive potential and may accelerate protons to ultra high energies. We discuss a novel scheme of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) acceleration due to drifts in magnetized, cylindrically collimated, sheared jets of powerful active galaxies (with jet luminosity $\geq 10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$). A positively charged particle carried by such a plasma is in an unstable equilibrium if ${\bf B} \cdot \nabla \times {\bf v}< 0$, so that kinetic drift along the velocity shear would lead to fast, regular energy gain. The highest rigidity particles are accelerated most efficiently implying the dominance of light nuclei for energies above the ankle in our model: from a mixed population of pre-accelerated particle the drift mechanism picks up and boosts protons preferably.
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