在LHC上对ALICE的多重数和有效能量的研究
Multiplicity Studies and Effective Energy in ALICE at the LHC
摘要：
在这项工作中，我们探讨了在欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机（LHC）的极高能量碰撞中进行“有效能量”研究的可能性。特别是，我们专注于测量的可能性，在$pp$碰撞的平均带电的多重性作为有效能量的函数与ALICE实验，利用其能力来测量的领导重子的能量与零度量热计。这类分析是在较低的质心能量下进行的，结果表明，一旦选择了适当的运动学变量，粒子的产生就具有普遍的性质：无论相互作用粒子的性质如何，最终状态都具有相同的特征。假设这种普适性的图片可以扩展到{ \it离子-离子}碰撞，从RHIC实验的最新结果所建议的，一种新的方法的基础上的缩放假设限制碎裂已被用来获得预期的带电事件多重性$AA$相互作用在LHC。这导致的情况下，多重性是显着较低的大多数预测相比，目前使用的模型来描述高能量$AA$碰撞。对于$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.5 TeV$最中心的$Pb-Pb$碰撞，预计平均带电多重数约为每快度单位1000-2000（在$η\sim 0$）。
英文摘要：
In this work we explore the possibility to perform ``effective energy'' studies in very high energy collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, we focus on the possibility to measure in $pp$ collisions the average charged multiplicity as a function of the effective energy with the ALICE experiment, using its capability to measure the energy of the leading baryons with the Zero Degree Calorimeters. Analyses of this kind have been done at lower centre--of--mass energies and have shown that, once the appropriate kinematic variables are chosen, particle production is characterized by universal properties: no matter the nature of the interacting particles, the final states have identical features. Assuming that this universality picture can be extended to {\it ion--ion} collisions, as suggested by recent results from RHIC experiments, a novel approach based on the scaling hypothesis for limiting fragmentation has been used to derive the expected charged event multiplicity in $AA$ interactions at LHC. This leads to scenarios where the multiplicity is significantly lower compared to most of the predictions from the models currently used to describe high energy $AA$ collisions. A mean charged multiplicity of about 1000-2000 per rapidity unit (at $η\sim 0$) is expected for the most central $Pb-Pb$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.5 TeV$.
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