狄拉克电子的波包观
Wave-packet view of the Dirac electron
摘要：
通过将电子看作狄拉克方程正能谱中的波包，我们能够更清楚地理解它在弱电磁场下的行为。发现内禀自旋磁矩是由波包的自转建立的。由于狄拉克旋量的非阿贝尔几何相位，在运动方程中也表现出非正则结构。波包能量可以简单地表示为动力学项、静电项和塞曼项。这可以通过一个新的方案转化为一个有效的量子哈密顿量，并再现了泡利哈密顿量与所有阶相对论修正。
英文摘要：
By viewing the electron as a wavepacket in the positive energy spectrum of the Dirac equation, we are able to achieve a much clearer understanding of its behavior under weak electromagnetic fields. The intrinsic spin magnetic moment is found to be established from the self-rotation of the wavepacket. A non-canonical structure is also exhibited in the equations of motion due to non- Abelian geometric phases of the Dirac spinors. The wavepacket energy can be expressed simply in terms of the kinetic, electrostatic, and Zeeman terms only. This can be transformed into an effective quantum Hamiltonian by a novel scheme, and reproduces the Pauli Hamiltonian with all-order relativistic corrections.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
