原子假说：物理后果
The Atomic hypothesis: Physical consequences
摘要：
物质是由某些终极的、不可分割的物体构成的这一假设，连同受限制的相对性原理，对我们可以用来对基本粒子进行变分描述的变量类型建立了限制。我们认为，原子假说不仅指出了基本粒子的不可分割性，而且还指出，这些最终的对象，如果没有湮灭，不能被任何相互作用修改，因此，所有允许的基本粒子的状态只是其中任何一个的运动学修改。因此，基本粒子不可能有激发态。这样，时空对称性的运动学群不仅定义了系统的对称性，而且定义了变量，根据这些变量，基本粒子的数学描述可以用经典或量子力学描述来表达。在考虑两个狄拉克粒子的相互作用时，原子假设将相互作用的拉格朗日量限制为一种最小耦合相互作用。
英文摘要：
The hypothesis that matter is made of some ultimate and indivisible objects, together the restricted relativity principle, establishes a constraint on the kind of variables we are allowed to use for the variational description of elementary particles. We consider that the atomic hypothesis not only states the indivisibility of elementary particles, but also that these ultimate objects, if not annihilated, cannot be modified by any interaction so that all allowed states of an elementary particle are only kinematical modifications of any one of them. Terefore, an elementary particle cannot have excited states. In this way, the kinematical group of spacetime symmetries not only defines the symmetries of the system, but also the variables in terms of which the mathematical description of the elementary particles can be expressed in either the classical or the quantum mechanical description. When considering the interaction of two Dirac particles, the atomic hypothesis restricts the interaction Lagrangian to a kind of minimal coupling interaction.
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