夹点和Kasteleyn转变：自旋冰如何改变其熵
Pinch Points and Kasteleyn Transitions: How Spin Ice Changes its Entropy
摘要：
复杂的无序状态--从液体和玻璃到奇异的量子物质--在自然界中无处不在。它们的关键属性包括有限熵、幂律相关性和涌现组织原则。在自旋冰中，自旋相关性是由冰规则组织原理决定的，冰规则组织原理稳定了具有与水冰相同的零点熵的磁性状态。通过磁场可以非常精确地操纵熵：在平行于三角轴的磁场中，可以得到准二维的可果美冰，它可以映射到二聚体模型上。在这里，我们使用一个稍微偏离三角轴倾斜的场来控制二聚体的统计权重，并实现Kasteleyn预测的不寻常的临界行为。Ho 2 Ti 2 O 7上的中子散射揭示了夹点散射，其特征在于戈薇冰的紧急规范结构;扩散峰随场移动，发出Kasteleyn物理信号;和一个不寻常的临界点。
英文摘要：
Complex disordered states - from liquids and glasses to exotic quantum matter - are ubiquitous in nature. Their key properties include finite entropy, power-law correlations and emergent organising principles. In spin ice, spin correlations are determined by an ice rules organising principle that stabilises a magnetic state with the same zero point entropy as water ice. The entropy can be manipulated with great precision by a magnetic field: with field parallel to the trigonal axis one obtains quasi two dimensional kagome ice which can be mapped onto a dimer model. Here we use a field tilted slightly away from the trigonal axis to control the dimer statistical weights and realise the unusual critical behaviour predicted by Kasteleyn. Neutron scattering on Ho2Ti2O7 reveals pinch point scattering that characterises the emergent gauge structure of kagome ice; diffuse peaks that shift with field, signaling the Kasteleyn physics; and an unusual critical point.
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