动力学临界现象中的镜像对称破缺问题
Mirror symmetry breaking as a problem in dynamical critical phenomena
摘要：
利用场论重整化群的结果讨论了手征自发合成的Frank模型的临界性质。这个微观反应方案的长时间和长波长特征与多色定向渗滤过程属于同一普适类。因此，下列RG固定点（FP）控制了d<4的弗兰克模型的临界动力学：一个不稳定的FP对应于两个对映体之间的完全解耦，一个鞍点对应于对称的物种间耦合，两个稳定的FP分别对应于两个手性分子之间的单向耦合。这后两个FP与镜像对称性或手征对称性的破坏有关。在这个简化的分子合成模型中，同手性是临界状态下固有反应噪声的自然结果，这对应于极稀的化学体系。
英文摘要：
The critical properties of the Frank model of spontaneous chiral synthesis are discussed by applying results from the field theoretic renormalization group (RG). The long time and long wavelength features of this microscopic reaction scheme belong to the same universality class as multi-colored directed percolation processes. Thus, the following RG fixed points (FP) govern the critical dynamics of the Frank model for d<4: one unstable FP that corresponds to complete decoupling between the two enantiomers, a saddle-point that corresponds to symmetric interspecies coupling, and two stable FPs that individually correspond to unidirectional couplings between the two chiral molecules. These latter two FPs are associated with the breakdown of mirror or chiral symmetry. In this simplified model of molecular synthesis, homochirality is a natural consequence of the intrinsic reaction noise in the critical regime, which corresponds to extremely dilute chemical systems.
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