约束暗能量各向异性应力
Constraining Dark Energy Anisotropic Stress
摘要：
我们研究了利用宇宙学观测来探测和约束不完美的暗能量流体的可能性。我们考虑一个一般的参数化的暗能量组件占状态方程，声速和粘度。我们使用的数据来自宇宙微波背景辐射（CMB），大尺度结构和超新星Ia型。我们发现，无论是声速和粘度参数是很难钉与目前的宇宙学数据。此外，我们认为，这将是很难改善与未来的CMB数据集的约束显着。这意味着，一个完美的流体描述最终可能会成为对暗能量所有观测结果的现象学上的充分描述。然而，最基本的教训是，即使这样，我们也不能仅仅依靠观测证据就排除暗能量不稳定的可能性。
英文摘要：
We investigate the possibility of using cosmological observations to probe and constrain an imperfect dark energy fluid. We consider a general parameterization of the dark energy component accounting for an equation of state, speed of sound and viscosity. We use present and future data from the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), large scale structures and supernovae type Ia. We find that both the speed of sound and viscosity parameters are difficult to nail down with the present cosmological data. Also, we argue that it will be hard to improve the constraints significantly with future CMB data sets. The implication is that a perfect fluid description might ultimately turn out to be a phenomenologically sufficient description of all the observational consequences of dark energy. The fundamental lesson is however that even then one cannot exclude, by appealing to observational evidence alone, the possibility of imperfectness in dark energy.
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