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arXiv 0708.0243astro-ph
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轨道偏心率对太阳系外行星凌日探测和光变曲线的影响

Effects of Orbital Eccentricity on Extrasolar Planet Transit Detection and Lightcurves

Jason W. Barnes

摘要:

本文表明,具有偏心轨道的行星比具有相同半长轴的圆形轨道行星更有可能凌日,其系数为(1-e^2)^{-1}。如果发现的凌日行星的轨道参数是已知的,如从后续的径向速度观测,那么凌日探测到的行星群很容易消除这种影响。行星凌日的持续时间取决于行星的偏心率和近星点的经度;对于给定的碰撞参量,近星点的凌日时间较短,而远星点的凌日时间较长。如果用其他凌日参数拟合恒星半径,这种效应会在测量结果中产生系统误差。如果恒星半径被固定在一个独立测量的值上,那么就有可能单独使用测光来确定行星离心率的下限。轨道加速度会导致行星进出持续时间的差异,从而导致凌日光变曲线的不对称性,这种不对称性可以与凌日速度测量一起使用,以唯一地测量行星的偏心率和近心点的经度。然而,这种影响太小,无法用现有技术测量。开普勒发现的凌日类地行星的可居住性取决于这些行星的轨道偏心率。虽然开普勒将能够对这些行星的轨道偏心率设定下限,但任何给定行星的实际值可能仍然未知。

英文摘要:

It is shown herein that planets with eccentric orbits are more likely to transit than circularly orbiting planets with the same semimajor axis by a factor of (1-e^2)^{-1}. If the orbital parameters of discovered transiting planets are known, as from follow-up radial velocity observations, then the transit-detected planet population is easily debiased of this effect. The duration of a planet's transit depends upon of its eccentricity and longitude of periastron; transits near periastron are shorter, and those near apoastron last longer, for a given impact parameter. If fitting for the stellar radius with the other transit parameters, this effect causes a systematic error in the resulting measurements. If the stellar radius is instead held fixed at a value measured independently, then it is possible to place a lower limit on the planet's eccentricity using photometry alone. Orbital accelerations cause a difference in the planet's ingress and egress durations that lead to an asymmetry in the transit lightcurve that could be used along with the transit velocity measurement to uniquely measure the planet's eccentricity and longitude of periapsis. However, the effect is too small to be measured with current technology. The habitability of transiting terrestrial planets found by Kepler depends on those planets' orbital eccentricities. While Kepler will be able to place lower limits on those planets' orbital eccentricity, the actual value for any given planet will likely remain unknown.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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