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arXiv 0708.0220astro-ph
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AM CVn双星中施主的热演化

The Thermal Evolution of the Donors in AM CVn Binaries

Christopher J. Deloye, Ronald E. Taam, Christopher Winisdoerffer, Gilles Chabrier

摘要:

我们计算了AM-CVn系统中施主的完整恒星结构演化,该系统是通过WD通道耦合到双星演化而形成的。与先前建模中所作的假设相反,这些供体在大部分AM CVn相上不是完全对流的,并且在质量损失下不会无限期地演变成对流。相反,我们确定了三个不同的阶段的演变:一个传质开启阶段(在此期间的轨道周期继续减少,甚至在接触后,捐助者的合同,和传质速率加速到其最大值),一个阶段,其中的捐助者膨胀膨胀响应质量损失,和冷却阶段开始在轨道周期约45- 55分钟,在此期间的捐助者合同。在第一和第三阶段,这两个都是本研究的新成果,确定的行为的物理,进行了详细的讨论。我们发现开启阶段的总持续时间在$\sim 10^4$ - $10^6$年之间,明显长于先前的估计。我们预测了施主的亮度和有效温度。在绝热膨胀阶段(忽略辐照效应),光度约为$10^{-6}$-$10^{-4} L_\odot$,有效温度约为1000- 1800 K。然而,在吸积流中产生的通量在任何时候都主导施主的本征光。辐射对施主的影响将绝热膨胀阶段延长到更长的轨道周期,并改变施主的观测特性。在绝热阶段期间的辐照施主可以获得高达$\approx10^{-2} L_\odot$的表面光度。我们认为,打开和冷却阶段都将留下显着的印记上的AM CVn人口的轨道周期分布。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) We calculate the full stellar-structural evolution of donors in AM CVn systems formed through the WD channel coupled to the binary's evolution. Contrary to assumptions made in prior modelling, these donors are not fully convective over much of the AM CVn phase and do not evolve adiabatically under mass loss indefinitely. Instead, we identify three distinct phases of evolution: a mass transfer turn-on phase (during which the orbital period continues to decrease even after contact, the donor contracts, and the mass transfer rate accelerates to its maximum), a phase in which the donor expands adiabatically in response to mass loss, and a cooling phase beginning at orbital periods of approximately 45--55 minutes during which the donor contracts. The physics that determines the behaviour in the first and third phases, both of which are new outcomes of this study, are discussed in some detail. We find the overall duration of the turn-on phase to be between $\sim 10^4$-$10^6$ yrs, significantly longer than prior estimates. We predict the donor's luminosity and effective temperature. During the adiabatic expansion phase (ignoring irradiation effects), the luminosity is approximately $10^{-6}$--$10^{-4} L_\odot$ and the effective temperature is approximately 1000--1800 K. However, the flux generated in the accretion flow dominates the donor's intrinsic light at all times. The impact of irradiation on the donor extends the phase of adiabatic expansion to longer orbital periods and alters the donor's observational characteristics. Irradiated donors during the adiabatic phase can attain a surface luminosity of up to $\approx10^{-2} L_\odot$. We argue that the turn-on and cooling phases both will leave significant imprints on the AM CVn population's orbital period distribution.

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