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arXiv 0707.4563astro-ph
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星系团中超致密矮星系群低速弥散的起源

Origin of lower velocity dispersions of ultra-compact dwarf galaxy populations in clusters of galaxies

Kenji Bekki

摘要:

最近的观测表明,"超致密矮“星系的速度色散明显小于天炉座和室女星系团中其他星系群的速度色散。为了理解观测到的UCD低速色散的起源,我们数值研究了总质量为Mcl的星系团中具有不同轨道的星系群的视线速度色散(sigma_los)。我们特别研究了具有不同近心距(r_p)和轨道偏心率(e)的星系在天炉座星系团合理的M_cl = 7.0 x 10^13 M_sun模型中的径向速度弥散分布(sigma_los(R))和星系团模型中心200 kpc内的速度弥散(sigma_m)。我们发现,对于给定的星系初始e分布,具有较小r_p的星系的sigma_los(R)和sigma_m分别变陡和变小。例如,我们发现在平均e = 0.6的情况下,rp <50 kpc的星系的sigma_m约为260 km/s,而所有星系的sigma_m约为336 km/s。这些结果意味着UCD群体的低速度色散与UCD具有比天炉座中其他星系群体小得多的r_p相一致。我们讨论这些结果的背景下的“星系threshing”的情况下,UCD起源于有核矮星系的核。我们认为,所观察到的差异UCD和其他矮星系种群的星系团之间的运动学特性可以理解的UCD和矮种群之间的轨道特性的差异。

英文摘要:

Recent observations have revealed that velocity dispersions of ``ultra-compact dwarf'' (UCD) galaxies are significantly smaller than those of other galaxy populations in the Fornax and the Virgo clusters of galaxies. In order to understand the origin of the observed lower velocity dispersions of UCDs, we numerically investigate line-of-sight velocity dispersion (sigma_los) of galaxy populations with variously different orbits in clusters of galaxies with the total masses of M_cl. We particularly investigate radial velocity dispersion profiles (sigma_los(R)) and velocity dispersions within the central 200 kpc of a cluster model (sigma_m) for galaxies with different pericenter distances (r_p) and orbital eccentricities (e) in the model with M_cl = 7.0 x 10^13 M_sun reasonable for the Fornax cluster. We find that sigma_los(R) and sigma_m of galaxies with smaller r_p are steeper and smaller, respectively, for a given initial e distribution of galaxies. For example, we find that sigma_m is ~ 260 km/s for galaxies with r_p <50 kpc and ~ 336 km/s for all galaxies in the model with the mean e of 0.6. These results imply that the observed lower velocity dispersion of UCD population is consistent with the UCDs having significantly smaller r_p than other galaxy populations in the Fornax. We discuss these results in the context of the ``galaxy threshing'' scenario in which UCDs originate from nuclei of nucleated dwarf galaxies. We suggest that the observed differences in kinematical properties between UCDs and other dwarf galaxy populations in clusters of galaxies can be understood in terms of the differences in orbital properties between UCDs and the dwarf populations.

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