拉伸气凝胶对~ 3 He序参量的强取向效应
Strong orientational effect of stretched aerogel on the 3He order parameter
摘要：
气凝胶的变形强烈地改变了气凝胶中超流3 He的序参量的取向。我们利用气凝胶的径向压缩来保持3 He库珀对在垂直于磁场的平面内的轨道角动量。我们没有发现强有力的证据，一个“极性”的阶段，沿赤道的费米面的节线，预测发生在大的径向压缩。相反，我们观察到3 He-A与明确的实验证据的破坏的长程序的随机各向异性-Larkin-Imry-Ma效应。在~ 3 He-B中，我们观察到并鉴定了新的NMR模式，这是不可能在体相~ 3 He-B中获得的。其中一种模式的特征是磁振子之间的排斥相互作用，这适合于磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC）。
英文摘要：
Deformation of aerogel strongly modifies the orientation of the order parameter of superfluid 3He confined in aerogel. We used a radial squeezing of aerogel to keep the orbital angular momentum of the 3He Cooper pairs in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. We did not find strong evidence for a "polar" phase, with a nodal line along the equator of the Fermi surface, predicted to occur at large radial squeezing. Instead we observed 3He-A with a clear experimental evidence of the destruction of the long-range order by random anisotropy -- the Larkin-Imry-Ma effect. In 3He-B we observed and identified new modes of NMR, which are impossible to obtain in bulk 3He-B. One of these modes is characterized by a repulsive interaction between magnons, which is suitable for the magnon Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC).
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