FNAL或BNL上超中微子束的等离子体透镜
Plasma Lens for Us Based Super Neutrino Beam at Either FNAL or BNL
摘要：
等离子体透镜的概念被检查作为一种替代的聚焦角和中微子束设施。该概念基于组合的高电流透镜/目标配置。电流在位于需要π介子捕获的目标开始处下游的电极处馈送。电流由靶外的等离子体携带。具有附加电流馈送的第二等离子体透镜部分跟随目标。将等离子体浸没在相对小的螺线管磁场中，以促进其电流轮廓成形，从而优化π介子捕获。模拟尚未完全优化的配置产生了一个高25%的中微子通量在探测器位于3公里的目标比喇叭系统的整个能谱和一个因素的2.5高通量的中微子能量大于3 GeV。等离子体透镜的一个主要优点是背景减少。在反中微子操作中，中微子背景在整个光谱中减少了接近3倍，而对于能量大于3 GeV的中微子背景减少了3.6倍。等离子体透镜还有其他优点：更大的轴向电流，高信号纯度：反中微子运行中最小的中微子背景。透镜介质由等离子体组成，因此，粒子的吸收和散射可以忽略不计。承受等离子体中的高机械应力和热应力不是问题。
英文摘要：
The plasma lens concept is examined as an alternative to focusing horns and solenoids for a neutrino beam facility. The concept is based on a combined high-current lens/target configuration. Current is fed at an electrode located downstream from the beginning of the target where pion capturing is needed. The current is carried by plasma outside the target. A second plasma lens section, with an additional current feed, follows the target. The plasma is immersed in a relatively small solenoidal magnetic field to facilitate its current profile shaping to optimize pion capture. Simulations of the not yet fully optimized configuration yielded a 25% higher neutrino flux at a detector situated at 3 km from the target than the horn system for the entire energy spectrum and a factor of 2.5 higher flux for neutrinos with energy larger than 3 GeV. A major advantage of plasma lenses is in background reduction. In antineutrino operation, neutrino background is reduced by a factor of close to 3 for the whole spectrum, and for energy larger than 3 GeV, neutrino background is reduced by a factor of 3.6. Plasma lenses have additional advantages: larger axial currents, high signal purity: minimal neutrino background in antineutrino runs. The lens medium consists of plasma, consequently, particle absorption and scattering is negligible. Withstanding high mechanical and thermal stresses in a plasma is not an issue.
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