arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0707.1397astro-ph
收藏

星暴星系的中红外诊断:星团中恒星形成区的致密结构(NGC 4038/4039)

Mid-infrared diagnostics of starburst galaxies: clumpy, dense structures in star-forming regions in the Antennae (NGC 4038/4039)

Leonie Snijders, Lisa J. Kewley, Paul P. van der Werf

摘要:

最近,几个大型地面望远镜都配备了中红外仪器,从而产生了在这些长波长上具有前所未有的空间分辨率的数据集。在本文中,我们将研究“地面仅”诊断,它可以用于在星暴星系的恒星形成区域的研究。通过结合输出从恒星星族合成代码Starburst 99与光电离代码映射,我们模拟星团及其周围的星际介质,专注于在N-和Q-波段大气窗口(8-13和16.5-24.5微米分别)和那些在近红外发射线的演变。我们详细讨论了各种发射线诊断对恒星星族年龄、金属丰度、星云密度和电离参数的敏感性。利用我们的模型结果,我们分析了VLT中红外成像光谱仪(VISIR)对银河系重叠区两个星团的观测结果。我们发现了clusional,高密度,电离气体的证据。这两个星系团都很年轻(分别小于250万年和300万年),周围的星际物质很致密(10^4 cm^-3或更大),其特征是电离参数很高(logU > -1.53)。对中红外光谱特征的详细分析表明,(近)均匀介质不能解释观测结果,而在分辨率极限以下尺度上的复杂结构,包含几个嵌入在星团气体中的年轻星团,更有可能。

英文摘要:

Recently, mid-infrared instruments have become available on several large ground-based telescopes, resulting in data sets with unprecedented spatial resolution at these long wavelengths. In this paper we examine 'ground-based-only' diagnostics, which can be used in the study of star-forming regions in starburst galaxies. By combining output from the stellar population synthesis code Starburst 99 with the photoionization code Mappings, we model stellar clusters and their surrounding interstellar medium, focusing on the evolution of emission lines in the N- and Q-band atmospheric windows (8-13 and 16.5-24.5 micron respectively) and those in the near-infrared. We address the detailed sensitivity of various emission line diagnostics to stellar population age, metallicity, nebular density, and ionization parameter. Using our model results, we analyze observations of two stellar clusters in the overlap region of the Antennae galaxies obtained with VLT Imager and Spectrometer for mid Infrared (VISIR). We find evidence for clumpy, high density, ionized gas. The two clusters are young (younger than 2.5 and 3 Myr respectively), the surrounding interstellar matter is dense (10^4 cm^-3 or larger) and can be characterized by a high ionization parameter (logU > -1.53). Detailed analysis of the mid-infrared spectral features shows that a (near-)homogeneous medium cannot account for the observations, and that complex structure on scales below the resolution limit, containing several young stellar clusters embedded in clumpy gas, is more likely.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑