方向的持续性增加了奔跑和翻滚趋化性的漂移速度
Persistence of direction increases the drift velocity of run and tumble chemotaxis
摘要：
大肠杆菌是一种能动的细菌，它通过执行由交替运行和翻滚组成的有偏随机行走来沿着化学引诱物梯度向上移动。先前的奔跑和翻滚趋化性模型忽略了运动的一个或多个特征，即（i）细胞不能直接检测化学引诱物梯度，而是对化学引诱物浓度进行时间比较，（ii）翻滚不是完全随机的，而是表现出方向的持久性，这意味着翻滚后的新方向更可能在前半球，（iii）转动布朗运动使E.大肠杆菌细胞在跑步过程中直线游动。本文提出了一个分析计算的趋化漂移速度考虑（i），（ii）和（iii），弱趋化性。通过蒙特卡罗模拟验证了分析结果。结果表明，时间比较和持久性，提高漂移速度之间的协同作用，而旋转布朗运动降低漂移速度。
英文摘要：
Escherichia coli is a motile bacterium that moves up a chemoattractant gradient by performing a biased random walk composed of alternating runs and tumbles. Previous models of run and tumble chemotaxis neglect one or more features of the motion, namely (i) a cell cannot directly detect a chemoattractant gradient but rather makes temporal comparisons of chemoattractant concentration, (ii) rather than being entirely random, tumbles exhibit persistence of direction, meaning that the new direction after a tumble is more likely to be in the forward hemisphere, and (iii) rotational Brownian motion makes it impossible for an E. coli cell to swim in a straight line during a run. This paper presents an analytic calculation of the chemotactic drift velocity taking account of (i), (ii) and (iii), for weak chemotaxis. The analytic results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation. The results reveal a synergy between temporal comparisons and persistence that enhances the drift velocity, while rotational Brownian motion reduces the drift velocity.
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