第二类超导体中的解压缩涡旋
Unzipping Vortices in Type-II Superconductors
摘要：
从理论上研究了用磁力显微镜观察扩展缺陷中涡旋线的解压缩。我们研究了常见缺陷（如柱状钉和双平面）中孤立涡的解压缩，以及存在其他涡时涡从平面上解压缩。我们表明，使用分析和数值方法，一个单一的漩涡的unzipping过渡的普遍性质仅取决于在存在和不存在的障碍的缺陷的维数。对于解压缩的一个涡从一个平面充满了许多涡被证明是非常敏感的二维平面中的涡的属性。特别是这样的解压缩实验可以用来测量“Luttinger液体参数”的旋涡在平面上。此外，我们还提出了一种利用实验直接测量涡旋线张力的方法。
英文摘要：
The unzipping of vortex lines using magnetic-force microscopy from extended defects is studied theoretically. We study both the unzipping isolated vortex from common defects, such as columnar pins and twin-planes, and the unzipping of a vortex from a plane in the presence of other vortices. We show, using analytic and numerical methods, that the universal properties of the unzipping transition of a single vortex depend only on the dimensionality of the defect in the presence and absence of disorder. For the unzipping of a vortex from a plane populated with many vortices is shown to be very sensitive to the properties of the vortices in the two-dimensional plane. In particular such unzipping experiments can be used to measure the ``Luttinger liquid parameter'' of the vortices in the plane. In addition we suggest a method for measuring the line tension of the vortex directly using the experiments.
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