嵌入量子阱的光子晶体平板中激子-光子耦合的量子理论
Quantum theory of exciton-photon coupling in photonic crystal slabs with embedded quantum wells
摘要：
对波导芯层中嵌入量子阱的光子晶体平板辐射-物质耦合进行了理论描述。一个完整的量子理论的发展，通过量子化的电磁场与折射率的空间调制和激子质心场在一个周期性的分段恒定的潜力。利用广义Hopfield方法对相互作用系统的二次量子化哈密顿量进行对角化，得到了包含损耗的激子-光子混合模的复色散.研究了弱耦合和强耦合两种情况的发生，并得出结论，系统的新本征态由称为光子晶体极化激元的准粒子描述，其可以在两种情况下发生：（i）在光线以下，当激子和非辐射光子能级之间发生共振时，（ii）在光线上方，条件是激子-光子耦合大于共振光子模式的固有辐射阻尼（辐射极化激元）。对于正方形晶格的空气孔，发现下极化激元分支的能量最小值可以发生在垂直入射附近。后一结果对实现光子晶体平板中的极化激元参量相互作用具有潜在的意义。
英文摘要：
A theoretical description of radiation-matter coupling for semiconductor-based photonic crystal slabs is presented, in which quantum wells are embedded within the waveguide core layer. A full quantum theory is developed, by quantizing both the electromagnetic field with a spatial modulation of the refractive index and the exciton center of mass field in a periodic piecewise constant potential. The second-quantized hamiltonian of the interacting system is diagonalized with a generalized Hopfield method, thus yielding the complex dispersion of mixed exciton-photon modes including losses. The occurrence of both weak and strong coupling regimes is studied, and it is concluded that the new eigenstates of the system are described by quasi-particles called photonic crystal polaritons, which can occur in two situations: (i) below the light line, when a resonance between exciton and non-radiative photon levels occurs (guided polaritons), (ii) above the light line, provided the exciton-photon coupling is larger than the intrinsic radiative damping of the resonant photonic mode (radiative polaritons). For a square lattice of air holes, it is found that the energy minimum of the lower polariton branch can occur around normal incidence. The latter result has potential implications for the realization of polariton parametric interactions in photonic crystal slabs.
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