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arXiv 0705.4680astro-phhep-ph
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星系团中暗物质速度各向异性的测量

Measuring the dark matter velocity anisotropy in galaxy clusters

Steen H. Hansen, Rocco Piffaretti

摘要:

宇宙包含的暗物质大约是正常重子物质的6倍,直接观察到暗物质和重子之间的根本差异对于我们理解暗物质结构都很重要,并为我们提供有关暗物质粒子基本特征的信息。我们讨论了平衡态暗物质结构的一个显著特征,即局部暗物质温度可能依赖于方向的性质。这与重子气体形成鲜明对比。我们使用X射线观测两个附近的,放松的星系团,假设流体静力平衡和相同的暗物质和气体温度的外部集群区域,测量此暗物质温度各向异性β_dm,与非参数蒙特卡罗方法。我们发现,beta_dm是大于重子气体,beta_gas=0,在超过3西格玛的信心预测值。观测到的温度各向异性值与宇宙学N体模拟的结果相当一致,并表明暗物质粒子的平衡不受与重子气体相反的局部点状相互作用的控制。

英文摘要:

The Universe contains approximately 6 times more dark matter than normal baryonic matter, and a directly observed fundamental difference between dark matter and baryons would both be significant for our understanding of dark matter structures and provide us with information about the basic characteristics of the dark matter particle. We discuss one distinctive feature of dark matter structures in equilibrium, namely the property that a local dark matter temperature may depend on direction. This is in stark contrast to baryonic gases. We used X-ray observations of two nearby, relaxed galaxy clusters, under the assumptions of hydrostatic equilibrium and identical dark matter and gas temperatures in the outer cluster region, to measure this dark matter temperature anisotropy beta_dm, with non-parametric Monte Carlo methods. We find that beta_dm is greater than the value predicted for baryonic gases, beta_gas=0, at more than 3 sigma confidence. The observed value of the temperature anisotropy is in fair agreement with the results of cosmological N-body simulations and shows that the equilibration of the dark matter particles is not governed by local point-like interactions in contrast to baryonic gases.

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