黑洞X射线瞬时爆发中红外线与X射线辐射的平行轨迹：滞后效应？
Parallel tracks in infrared versus X-ray emission in black hole X-ray transient outbursts: a hysteresis effect?
摘要：
我们报道了在黑洞X射线二元态跃迁中发现的一种新的滞后效应，即近红外（NIR）通量（很可能起源于喷流）对X射线通量的滞后效应。我们发现，在现有的数据集，黑洞X射线瞬变的红外发射似乎是弱的低/硬状态上升的爆发比低/硬状态下降的爆发在给定的X射线光度。我们讨论了这种效果可能是由流入或流出的物质的辐射效率的变化，或在光盘粘度或频谱/功率的射流的变化。此外，我们还发现，对于所有三个低质量黑洞X射线双星，具有良好的采样红外和X射线覆盖率，红外和X射线光度的上升和下降之间存在相关性（在斜率上，而不是在归一化上）：L_NIR propto L_x^（0.5-0.7）。在高/软状态下，这个斜率要小得多; L_NIR propto Lx^（0.1-0.2），并且我们发现在这种状态下的NIR发射很可能是由所有三个源中的粘性加热（与X射线加热相反）吸积盘主导的。
英文摘要：
We report the discovery of a new hysteresis effect in black hole X-ray binary state transitions, that of the near-infrared (NIR) flux (which most likely originates in the jets) versus X-ray flux. We find, looking at existing data sets, that the infrared emission of black hole X-ray transients appears to be weaker in the low/hard state rise of an outburst than the low/hard state decline of an outburst at a given X-ray luminosity. We discuss how this effect may be caused by a shift in the radiative efficiency of the inflowing or outflowing matter, or variations in the disc viscosity or the spectrum/power of the jet. In addition we show that there is a correlation (in slope but not in normalisation) between infrared and X-ray luminosities on the rise and decline, for all three low-mass black hole X-ray binaries with well-sampled infrared and X-ray coverage: L_NIR propto L_x^(0.5-0.7). In the high/soft state this slope is much shallower; L_NIR propto Lx^(0.1-0.2), and we find that the NIR emission in this state is most likely dominated by the viscously heated (as opposed to X-ray heated) accretion disc in all three sources.
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