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arXiv 0705.3525cond-mat.soft
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对“新月形沙丘的最小尺寸”的评论

Comment on "Minimal size of a barchan dune"

B. Andreotti, P. Claudin

摘要:

现在公认的事实是,沙丘从平坦的沙床形成的大小以及它们的“最小大小”与通量饱和长度成比例。这个长度定义为最慢模式向平衡输运的弛豫长度。Parteli、Duran和Herrmann提出的模型[Phys. Rev. E 75,011301(2007)]预测,随着风切应力的倒数远离阈值,饱和长度减小到零。我们首先证明了他们的模型是不自洽的:即使在大风下,弛豫速率也受到颗粒惯性的限制,因此不能降到零。这些作者提出的一个关键论点来自对火星上典型沙丘波长(650米)的讨论,在此基础上,他们驳斥了Claudin和Andreotti [Earth Pla. Sci. Lett. 252,30(2006)]。相反,他们认为火星沙丘是由大颗粒(500微米)组成的,是在过去的强风下形成的。我们表明,这种跳跃的晶粒尺寸,估计从热扩散测量,是不可靠的。此外,火星车在火星风成岩层上拍摄的显微照片显示,颗粒大小为87 ± 25微米,还有毫米级的赤铁矿小球。由于这些所谓的“蓝莓”不能被合理的风夹带,我们得出结论,火星上跳跃的谷物是小的,这给了第二个强有力的论据反对Parteli等人的模型。

英文摘要:

It is now an accepted fact that the size at which dunes form from a flat sand bed as well as their `minimal size' scales on the flux saturation length. This length is by definition the relaxation length of the slowest mode toward equilibrium transport. The model presented by Parteli, Duran and Herrmann [Phys. Rev. E 75, 011301 (2007)] predicts that the saturation length decreases to zero as the inverse of the wind shear stress far from the threshold. We first show that their model is not self-consistent: even under large wind, the relaxation rate is limited by grain inertia and thus can not decrease to zero. A key argument presented by these authors comes from the discussion of the typical dune wavelength on Mars (650 m) on the basis of which they refute the scaling of the dune size with the drag length evidenced by Claudin and Andreotti [Earth Pla. Sci. Lett. 252, 30 (2006)]. They instead propose that Martian dunes, composed of large grains (500 micrometers), were formed in the past under very strong winds. We show that this saltating grain size, estimated from thermal diffusion measurements, is not reliable. Moreover, the microscopic photographs taken by the rovers on Martian aeolian bedforms show a grain size of 87 plus or minus 25 micrometers together with hematite spherules at millimetre scale. As those so-called ``blueberries'' can not be entrained by reasonable winds, we conclude that the saltating grains on Mars are the small ones, which gives a second strong argument against the model of Parteli et al.

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