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arXiv 0705.3293astro-ph
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高射频下AGN长期变异性的统计分析

Statistical analyses of long-term variability of AGN at high radio frequencies

T. Hovatta, M. Tornikoski, M. Lainela, H. J. Lehto, E. Valtaoja, I. Torniainen, M. F. Aller, H. D. Aller

摘要:

我们提出了一个大样本的活动星系核在4.8和230 GHz之间的几个频率的变化时间尺度的研究。我们研究了活动星系核不同类型和频率的差异,并将测量的时间尺度与光度和洛伦兹因子等物理参数进行了关联。我们的样本包括高偏振和低偏振类星体,BL Lacertae对象和射电星系。这项工作的基础是Metsahovi无线电观测站25年来的22 GHz、37 GHz和87 GHz监测数据。此外,我们使用了更高的90 GHz和230 GHz的频率数据获得的SEST望远镜在1987年和2003年之间。还使用了密歇根大学监测方案提供的4.8千兆赫、8千兆赫和14.5千兆赫的更低频率数据。我们应用了三种不同的统计方法来研究时间尺度:结构函数、离散关联函数和Lomb-Scargle周期图。我们还讨论了这三种方法的差异和相对优点。我们的研究表明,较小的流量密度变化发生在这些源的短时间尺度上的1-2年,但较大的爆发很少发生,平均每6年只有一次。我们没有发现任何显着差异的时间尺度之间的源类。时间尺度与光度的关系也很弱,这表明激波的形成是由喷流不稳定性引起的,而不是由中心的黑洞引起的。

英文摘要:

We present a study of variability time scales in a large sample of Active Galactic Nuclei at several frequencies between 4.8 and 230 GHz. We investigate the differences of various AGN types and frequencies and correlate the measured time scales with physical parameters such as the luminosity and the Lorentz factor. Our sample consists of both high and low polarization quasars, BL Lacertae objects and radio galaxies. The basis of this work is the 22 GHz, 37 GHz and 87 GHz monitoring data from the Metsahovi Radio Observatory spanning over 25 years. In addition,we used higher 90 GHz and 230 GHz frequency data obtained with the SEST-telescope between 1987 and 2003. Further lower frequency data at 4.8 GHz, 8 GHz and 14.5 GHz from the University of Michigan monitoring programme have been used. We have applied three different statistical methods to study the time scales: The structure function, the discrete correlation function and the Lomb-Scargle periodogram. We discuss also the differences and relative merits of these three methods. Our study reveals that smaller flux density variations occur in these sources on short time scales of 1-2 years, but larger outbursts happen quite rarely, on the average only once in every 6 years. We do not find any significant differences in the time scales between the source classes. The time scales are also only weakly related to the luminosity suggesting that the shock formation is caused by jet instabilities rather than the central black hole.

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