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arXiv 0705.3059astro-ph
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Sloan数字巡天中最亮类星体的X射线性质

The X-ray Properties of the Most-Luminous Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

D. W. Just, W. N. Brandt, O. Shemmer, A. T. Steffen, D. P. Schneider, G. Chartas, G. P. Garmire

摘要:

利用21个新的Chandra观测数据以及Chandra、ROSAT和XMM-Newton的存档数据,我们研究了宇宙中59个最明亮的类星体(M_i~~-29.3 to -30.2)的代表性样本的X射线性质,这些类星体的红移范围为z~~1.5-4.5。我们的完整样本包括来自斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)数据发布3(DR 3)类星体目录的32个类星体,SDSS选择标准错过的DR 3区域的两个额外对象,以及25个z>~4的发光类星体。这是迄今为止对这类发光类星体进行的最大规模的X射线研究。通过联合拟合我们的样本类星体的X射线谱,排除射电强和宽吸收线(BAL)天体,我们发现平均X射线幂律光子指数为Gamma=1.92^{+0.09}-0.08},并限制任何中性本征吸收物质的平均柱密度为N_H<~ 2 × 10 ^{21} cm^{-2}。我们发现,与其他研究一致,伽马不随红移而变化,我们限制了最明亮的类星体允许伽马演化的量。我们的样本,不包括射电噪和BAL类星体,其平均X射线-光学光谱斜率为a_ox=-1.80+/-0.02,并且a_ox没有随红移的显著演化。我们还评论了一些著名的类星体的X射线性质,包括一个X射线弱类星体与几个强大的窄吸收线系统,一个温和的无线电大声BAL类星体,以及一个研究得很好的引力透镜类星体。

英文摘要:

Utilizing 21 new Chandra observations as well as archival Chandra, ROSAT, and XMM-Newton data, we study the X-ray properties of a representative sample of 59 of the most optically luminous quasars in the Universe (M_i~~-29.3 to -30.2) spanning a redshift range of z~~1.5-4.5. Our full sample consists of 32 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 3 (DR3) quasar catalog, two additional objects in the DR3 area that were missed by the SDSS selection criteria, and 25 comparably luminous quasars at z>~4. This is the largest X-ray study of such luminous quasars to date. By jointly fitting the X-ray spectra of our sample quasars, excluding radio-loud and broad absorption line (BAL) objects, we find a mean X-ray power-law photon index of Gamma=1.92^{+0.09}_{-0.08} and constrain any neutral intrinsic absorbing material to have a mean column density of N_H<~2x10^{21} cm^{-2}. We find, consistent with other studies, that Gamma does not change with redshift, and we constrain the amount of allowed Gamma evolution for the most-luminous quasars. Our sample, excluding radio-loud and BAL quasars, has a mean X-ray-to-optical spectral slope of a_ox=-1.80+/-0.02, as well as no significant evolution of a_ox with redshift. We also comment upon the X-ray properties of a number of notable quasars, including an X-ray weak quasar with several strong narrow absorption-line systems, a mildly radio-loud BAL quasar, and a well-studied gravitationally lensed quasar.

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