用中性原子测量表面污染物的电场
Measuring Electric Fields From Surface Contaminants with Neutral Atoms
摘要：
在本文中，我们展示了一种技术，利用磁捕获的中性Rb-87原子测量的大小和方向的杂散电场从表面污染物。我们施加一个交变的外部电场，它以这样一种方式增加（或减少）杂散场，从而共振地驱动被困原子进入机械偶极振荡。振荡幅度的增长率提供了关于杂散场梯度的大小和符号的信息。利用这种测量技术，我们能够重建由表面污染物产生的矢量电场。此外，我们可以精确地测量有意放置在表面上的吸附原子产生的电场，并解释它们的系统效应，这可能会困扰精确的表面力测量。我们表明，烘烤基板可以减少从吸附物发出的电场，减少的机制可能是表面扩散，而不是解吸。
英文摘要：
In this paper we demonstrate a technique of utilizing magnetically trapped neutral Rb-87 atoms to measure the magnitude and direction of stray electric fields emanating from surface contaminants. We apply an alternating external electric field that adds to (or subtracts from) the stray field in such a way as to resonantly drive the trapped atoms into a mechanical dipole oscillation. The growth rate of the oscillation's amplitude provides information about the magnitude and sign of the stray field gradient. Using this measurement technique, we are able to reconstruct the vector electric field produced by surface contaminants. In addition, we can accurately measure the electric fields generated from adsorbed atoms purposely placed onto the surface and account for their systematic effects, which can plague a precision surface-force measurement. We show that baking the substrate can reduce the electric fields emanating from adsorbate, and that the mechanism for reduction is likely surface diffusion, not desorption.
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