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arXiv 0705.1474cond-mat.stat-mech
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沿临界曲线的首次通过时间和距离

First passage times and distances along critical curves

A. Zoia, Y. Kantor, M. Kardar

摘要:

我们提出了一个模型,在不均匀的环境中,如破碎的岩石,其中粒子只沿着预先存在的自相似曲线(裂缝)移动的异常运输。随机Loewner方程是用来有效地产生这样的曲线与可调分形维数$d_f$。我们数值计算从半无限平面边缘上的一点到半径为$R$的半圆上的任何一点的首次通过概率(长度或时间)。缩放的概率分布具有随$d_f$增加的方差、非单调偏度和比简单指数衰减更快的尾部。后者与基于分数动力学的预测形成鲜明对比,并为我们的模型提供了实验签名。

英文摘要:

We propose a model for anomalous transport in inhomogeneous environments, such as fractured rocks, in which particles move only along pre-existing self-similar curves (cracks). The stochastic Loewner equation is used to efficiently generate such curves with tunable fractal dimension $d_f$. We numerically compute the probability of first passage (in length or time) from one point on the edge of the semi-infinite plane to any point on the semi-circle of radius $R$. The scaled probability distributions have a variance which increases with $d_f$, a non-monotonic skewness, and tails that decay faster than a simple exponential. The latter is in sharp contrast to predictions based on fractional dynamics and provides an experimental signature for our model.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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