作用在球体上的动摩擦力
Dynamical friction force exerted on spherical bodies
摘要：
我们提出了一个严格的计算的动态摩擦力施加在一个球形的大质量扰动运动通过一个无限均匀系统的场星。通过计算背景系统中扰动物引起的极化云的形状和质量，使扰动物的运动减速，我们用修正的库仑对数恢复了Krasekhar的拖曳力定律。作为具体的例子，我们计算的阻力施加在一个普卢默球或一个球的密度分布的赫恩奎斯特轮廓。结果表明，扰动的形状只影响库仑对数的精确形式。后者收敛于小尺度，因为遇到的测试和现场明星的碰撞参量小于大质量扰动的大小变得低效。我们确认这种方式早期的结果的基础上的小角度散射的脉冲近似。
英文摘要：
We present a rigorous calculation of the dynamical friction force exerted on a spherical massive perturber moving through an infinite homogenous system of field stars. By calculating the shape and mass of the polarization cloud induced by the perturber in the background system, which decelerates the motion of the perturber, we recover Chandrasekhar's drag force law with a modified Coulomb logarithm. As concrete examples we calculate the drag force exerted on a Plummer sphere or a sphere with the density distribution of a Hernquist profile. It is shown that the shape of the perturber affects only the exact form of the Coulomb logarithm. The latter converges on small scales, because encounters of the test and field stars with impact parameters less than the size of the massive perturber become inefficient. We confirm this way earlier results based on the impulse approximation of small angle scatterings.
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