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arXiv 0704.3703cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.str-el
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超导体中的薄谱态

Thin Spectrum States in Superconductors

Jasper van Wezel, Jeroen van den Brink

摘要:

我们表明,有限尺寸的超导体有一个频谱的状态在极低的能量,即在超导能隙。这种{ \it薄谱}的存在是一个普遍的特征,并且与超导体中全局相位旋转对称性自发破缺的事实有关。对于一个强耦合超导体,我们找到的频谱,通过精确求解的Lieb-Mattis型哈密顿映射的问题。薄态存在的物理后果之一是它们在有限范围的超导量子比特中引起量子退相干。

英文摘要:

We show that finite size superconductors have a spectrum of states at extremely low energy, i.e. inside the superconducting gap. The presence of this {\it thin spectrum} is a generic feature and related to the fact that in a superconductor the global phase rotation symmetry is spontaneously broken. For a strong coupling superconductor we find the spectrum by exactly solving the Lieb-Mattis type Hamiltonian onto which the problem maps. One of the physical consequences of the presence of thin states is that they cause quantum decoherence in superconducting qubits of finite extent.

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