利用双Chooz近探测器的方向灵敏度
Exploiting the directional sensitivity of the Double Chooz near detector
摘要：
在闪烁体探测器中，反应$\barν_e+p\to e^++n$中中子的向前位移提供了中微子方向信息，CHOOZ反应堆实验用2,500个事件证明了这一点。即将到来的双中微子实验的近探测器将每年收集$1.6\times10^5$事件，足以在一年内确定$2.3^\circ$的$1 σ$半锥孔径的平均中微子方向。以分离角$ϕ=30^\circ$观察，更难以分离两个双晶反应器。如果它们的强度是已知的并且近似相等，则用$\pm6^\circ$（$1 σ$）获得每个反应堆的方位角位置，并且将它们与单个源混淆的概率小于11%。五年的数据将这种“混淆概率”降低到不到0.3%，即，$3 σ$分离是可能的。所有这些数字都随着源的角间距的增加而迅速提高。对于具有$ϕ=90^\circ$和一年的数据的设置，每个源的方位角$1 σ$不确定性减小到$\pm3.2^\circ$。当然，对于双循环堆，两个反应堆的位置是已知的，这使得人们可以测量它们各自的一年综合功率输出到$\pm11%$（$1 σ$），以及它们的五年综合功率输出到$\pm4.8%$（$1 σ$）。
英文摘要：
In scintillator detectors, the forward displacement of the neutron in the reaction $\barν_e+p\to e^++n$ provides neutrino directional information as demonstrated by the CHOOZ reactor experiment with 2,500 events. The near detector of the forthcoming Double Chooz experiment will collect $1.6\times10^5$ events per year, enough to determine the average neutrino direction with a $1 σ$ half-cone aperture of $2.3^\circ$ in one year. It is more difficult to separate the two Chooz reactors that are viewed at a separation angle $ϕ=30^\circ$. If their strengths are known and approximately equal, the azimuthal location of each reactor is obtained with $\pm6^\circ$ ($1 σ$) and the probability of confusing them with a single source is less than 11%. Five year's data reduce this ``confusion probability'' to less than 0.3%, i.e., a $3 σ$ separation is possible. All of these numbers improve rapidly with increasing angular separation of the sources. For a setup with $ϕ=90^\circ$ and one year's data, the azimuthal $1 σ$ uncertainty for each source decreases to $\pm3.2^\circ$. Of course, for Double Chooz the two reactor locations are known, allowing one instead to measure their individual one-year integrated power output to $\pm11%$ ($1 σ$), and their five-year integrated output to $\pm4.8%$ ($1 σ$).
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