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Spitzer多波段成像光度计的绝对校准和特性。I. Stellar校准样品和24微米校准

Absolute Calibration and Characterization of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer. I. The Stellar Calibrator Sample and the 24 micron Calibration

C. W. Engelbracht, M. Blaylock, K. Y. L. Su, J. Rho, G. H. Rieke, J. Muzerolle, D. L. Padgett, D. C. Hines, K. D. Gordon, D. Fadda, A. Noriega-Crespo, D. M. Kel… 展开作者

C. W. Engelbracht, M. Blaylock, K. Y. L. Su, J. Rho, G. H. Rieke, J. Muzerolle, D. L. Padgett, D. C. Hines, K. D. Gordon, D. Fadda, A. Noriega-Crespo, D. M. Kelly, W. B. Latter, J. L. Hinz, K. A. Misselt, J. E. Morrison, J. A. Stansberry, D. L. Shupe, S. Stolovy, Wm. A. Wheaton, E. T. Young, G. Neugebauer, S. Wachter, P. G. Pérez-González, D. T. Frayer, F. R. Marleau

摘要:

介绍了Spitzer多波段成像光度计(MIPS)24微米通道的恒星定标器样品和仪器单位到物理单位的转换。主定标器为A星,基于这些星的定标因子为4.54*10^{-2} MJy sr^{-1}(DN/s)^{-1},标称不确定度为2%。我们讨论了达到这种精度所需的数据简化程序;如果没有这些程序,使用斯皮策科学中心的自动管道获得的校准因子将降低1.6% +/- 0.6%。我们将这项工作扩展到预测24微米的通量密度为样本的238颗恒星,涵盖了更大范围的通量密度和光谱类型。我们在24微米处对141颗恒星进行了348次测量。该样品在24微米通量密度下覆盖约460倍,从8.6 mJy到4.0 Jy。我们表明,校准是线性的,在该范围内相对于目标通量和背景水平。校准基于使用3秒曝光进行的观察;初步分析表明,10秒和30秒曝光的校准因子可能分别低1%和2%。我们还证明,校准是非常稳定的:在整个任务过程中,我们的例行校准器,HD 159330的重复测量,显示的均方根散射只有0.4%。最后,我们表明,点扩散函数(PSF)测量良好,并允许我们准确地校准扩展源;红外天文卫星(IRAS)和MIPS测量附近星系的样本是相同的不确定性。

英文摘要:

We present the stellar calibrator sample and the conversion from instrumental to physical units for the 24 micron channel of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS). The primary calibrators are A stars, and the calibration factor based on those stars is 4.54*10^{-2} MJy sr^{-1} (DN/s)^{-1}, with a nominal uncertainty of 2%. We discuss the data-reduction procedures required to attain this accuracy; without these procdures, the calibration factor obtained using the automated pipeline at the Spitzer Science Center is 1.6% +/- 0.6% lower. We extend this work to predict 24 micron flux densities for a sample of 238 stars which covers a larger range of flux densities and spectral types. We present a total of 348 measurements of 141 stars at 24 micron. This sample covers a factor of ~460 in 24 micron flux density, from 8.6 mJy up to 4.0 Jy. We show that the calibration is linear over that range with respect to target flux and background level. The calibration is based on observations made using 3-second exposures; a preliminary analysis shows that the calibration factor may be 1% and 2% lower for 10- and 30-second exposures, respectively. We also demonstrate that the calibration is very stable: over the course of the mission, repeated measurements of our routine calibrator, HD 159330, show a root-mean-square scatter of only 0.4%. Finally, we show that the point spread function (PSF) is well measured and allows us to calibrate extended sources accurately; Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS) and MIPS measurements of a sample of nearby galaxies are identical within the uncertainties.

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