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arXiv 0704.1297astro-ph
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用Swift和XMM-Newton观测到的GRB 050730 X射线余辉中异常延长的耀斑活动

The exceptionally extended flaring activity in the X-ray afterglow of GRB 050730 observed with Swift and XMM-Newton

M. Perri, D. Guetta, L. A. Antonelli, A. Cucchiara, V. Mangano, J. Reeves, L. Angelini, A. P. Beardmore, P. Boyd, D. N. Burrows, S. Campana, M. Capalbi, G. Chin… 展开作者

M. Perri, D. Guetta, L. A. Antonelli, A. Cucchiara, V. Mangano, J. Reeves, L. Angelini, A. P. Beardmore, P. Boyd, D. N. Burrows, S. Campana, M. Capalbi, G. Chincarini, G. Cusumano, P. Giommi, J. E. Hill, S. T. Holland, V. La Parola, T. Mineo, A. Moretti, J. A. Nousek, J. P. Osborne, C. Pagani, P. Romano, P. W. A. Roming, R. L. C. Starling, G. Tagliaferri, E. Troja, L. Vetere, N. Gehrels

摘要:

我们提出了一个详细的光谱和时间分析的斯威夫特和XMM-牛顿观测高红移(z=3.969)GRB 050730的结果。GRB 050730的X射线余辉被发现随着时间的推移而下降,叠加了超过两个数量级的强烈耀斑活动。从236 s到41.2 ks的爆发后,观察到七个不同的再增亮事件。余辉的衰减可用双破缺幂律模型来描述,其破缺时刻分别为t_1= 237 ± 20 s和t_2 = 10.1(-2.2)(+4.6)ks。在这些断裂之前、之间和之后的时间衰减斜率分别为α_1 = 2.1 +/- 0.3、α_2 = 0.44(-0.08)(+0.14)和α_3 = 2.40(+0.07)(-0.09)。X射线余辉的光谱可以用光电吸收的幂律方程很好地描述,宿主星系中的吸收柱密度N_H=(1.28 +/- 0.26)10^22 cm^-2。耀斑活动期间存在较强的X射线谱演化。在大多数耀斑中(6/7),事件持续时间与耀斑峰值时间之比Δ t/tp几乎恒定,约为0.6-0.7。我们发现,所观察到的光谱和时间特性的前三个耀斑是一致的,由于高纬度的排放,如预期的,如果耀斑是由后期的内部冲击,或刷新的冲击,即后期的能量注入到主余辉冲击的缓慢移动的炮弹从中央发动机在提示阶段。该事件完全满足E_p-E_iso Amati关系,但不符合E_p-E_jet Ghirlanda关系。

英文摘要:

We present the results of a detailed spectral and temporal analysis of Swift and XMM-Newton observations of the high redshift (z=3.969) GRB 050730. The X-ray afterglow of GRB 050730 was found to decline with time with superimposed intense flaring activity that extended over more than two orders of magnitude in time. Seven distinct re-brightening events starting from 236 s up to 41.2 ks after the burst were observed. The underlying decay of the afterglow was well described by a double broken power-law model with breaks at t_1= 237 +/- 20 s and t_2 = 10.1 (-2.2) (+4.6) ks. The temporal decay slopes before, between and after these breaks were alpha_1 = 2.1 +/- 0.3, alpha_2 = 0.44 (-0.08) (+0.14) and alpha_3 = 2.40 (+0.07) (-0.09), respectively. The spectrum of the X-ray afterglow was well described by a photoelectrically absorbed power-law with an absorbing column density N_H=(1.28 +/- 0.26) 10^22 cm^-2 in the host galaxy. Strong X-ray spectral evolution during the flaring activity was present. In the majority of the flares (6/7) the ratio Delta_t/t_p between the duration of the event and the time when the flare peaks was nearly constant and about 0.6-0.7. We showed that the observed spectral and temporal properties of the first three flares are consistent with being due both to high-latitude emission, as expected if the flares were produced by late internal shocks, or to refreshed shocks, i.e. late time energy injections into the main afterglow shock by slow moving shells ejected from the central engine during the prompt phase. The event fully satisfies the E_p-E_iso Amati relation while is not consistent with the E_p-E_jet Ghirlanda relation.

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