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arXiv 0704.0954cs.ITcs.LGmath.IT
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随机链路传感器网络:面向分布式共识的拓扑设计

Sensor Networks with Random Links: Topology Design for Distributed Consensus

Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学)

Soummya Kar, Jose M. F. Moura

摘要:

在传感器网络中,实际上,传感器之间的通信受到:(1)随机时间的错误或故障;(3)成本;以及(2)约束,因为传感器和网络在诸如功率、数据率或通信的稀缺资源下操作。信噪比(SNR)通常是确定链路中的错误(或通信故障)概率的主要因素。然后,这些概率是链路在其下操作的SNR的代理。本文研究了拓扑设计问题,即,当考虑链路通信成本并且存在总体通信预算约束时,分配传感器之间的可靠通信(或链路故障)的概率以最大化平均一致性的收敛速率。为了考虑这个问题,我们解决了一些初步的问题:(1)模型的网络作为一个随机拓扑结构;(2)建立必要和充分条件的均方意义(mss)和几乎必然(a.s.)当网络链路失效时,平均一致性的收敛;以及,特别地,(3)表明MSS和A.S.收敛是指描述网络拓扑的平均图的代数连通性严格为正。有了这些结果,我们制定拓扑设计,随机链路故障和通信成本约束,作为一个约束凸优化问题,我们应用半定规划技术。我们通过大量的数值研究表明,最优设计显着提高了共识算法的收敛速度,可以实现一个非随机网络的渐近性能的一小部分的通信成本。

英文摘要:

In a sensor network, in practice, the communication among sensors is subject to:(1) errors or failures at random times; (3) costs; and(2) constraints since sensors and networks operate under scarce resources, such as power, data rate, or communication. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is usually a main factor in determining the probability of error (or of communication failure) in a link. These probabilities are then a proxy for the SNR under which the links operate. The paper studies the problem of designing the topology, i.e., assigning the probabilities of reliable communication among sensors (or of link failures) to maximize the rate of convergence of average consensus, when the link communication costs are taken into account, and there is an overall communication budget constraint. To consider this problem, we address a number of preliminary issues: (1) model the network as a random topology; (2) establish necessary and sufficient conditions for mean square sense (mss) and almost sure (a.s.) convergence of average consensus when network links fail; and, in particular, (3) show that a necessary and sufficient condition for both mss and a.s. convergence is for the algebraic connectivity of the mean graph describing the network topology to be strictly positive. With these results, we formulate topology design, subject to random link failures and to a communication cost constraint, as a constrained convex optimization problem to which we apply semidefinite programming techniques. We show by an extensive numerical study that the optimal design improves significantly the convergence speed of the consensus algorithm and can achieve the asymptotic performance of a non-random network at a fraction of the communication cost.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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